Saṃsāra
Saṃsāra is a Sanskrit term meaning “wandering” or “continuous flow.” In Indian philosophy, it refers to the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, driven by karma. Saṃsāra is characterized by impermanence, suffering, and bondage to desire and ignorance. Liberation (Mokṣa in Hinduism and Jainism, Nirvāṇa in Buddhism) is freedom from this cycle.